Nataly Martini provides a brief overview of selected causes of dizziness and vertigo, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vestibular migraine. Through case studies, she explains how these conditions may differ from serious clinical syndromes such as cervicogenic dizziness, highlighting the complexities, risk factors and management of these conditions
CLASStime: Managing headache disorders
In this article, John Mottershead describes some of the common and not-so-common primary and secondary headache disorders. He also provides up-to-date information on headache treatment and prevention, including non-pharmacological approaches and new treatments on the horizon
1. GBD 2016 Headache Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of migraine and tension-type headache, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2018;17(11):954–76.
2. Thomson AN, White GE, West R. The prevalence of bad headaches including migraine in a multiethnic community. N Z Med J 1993;106(967):477–80.
3. International Headache Society. International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. 2018. https://ichd-3.org
4. Charles A. The evolution of a migraine attack - a review of recent evidence. Headache 2013;53(2):413–19.
5. Ashina M, Terwindt GM, Al-Karagholi MA, et al. Migraine: disease characterisation, biomarkers, and precision medicine. Lancet 2021;397(10283):1496–504.
6. Silberstein SD, Holland S, Freitag F, et al. Evidence-based guideline update: pharmacologic treatment for episodic migraine prevention in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society. Neurology 2012;78(17):1337–45.
7. Dodick DW, Turkel CC, DeGryse RE, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of chronic migraine: pooled results from the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phases of the PREEMPT clinical program. Headache 2010;50(6):921–36.
8. Wakerley BR. Medication-overuse headache. Pract Neurol 2019;19(5):399–403.
9. Raffaelli B, Neeb L, Reuter U. Monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of migraine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019;19(12):1307–17.